C H A R L E S  I I   1630 - 1685

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Portrait of King Charles II by John Michael Wright

Charles II was King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.

He was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War, the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649. But England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth, and the country was a de facto republic led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became virtual dictator of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. The political crisis that followed Cromwell's death in 1658 resulted in the restoration of the monarchy, and Charles was invited to return to Britain. On 29 May 1660, his 30th birthday, he was received in London to public acclaim. After 1660, all legal documents stating a regnal year did so as if he had succeeded his father as king in 1649.

With England at war again with Holland, and knowing of the troubles in the Caribbean and the risks to the very lucrative sugar trade, King Charles II enlisted the help of the notorious Captain Henry Morgan. The charismatic ‘pirate’ Morgan was knighted by the King and returned to Jamaica in 1674 as Lieutenant Governor, after Sir Henry had raided Panama in 1671, searching for Aztec and Inca gold, some hundred or more years after the Spanish Conquistadors had looted most of the treasure, made much of it into coins, and then re smelted the coins into bars for easier transportation.

Draft scripts for Kulo-Luna and Cleopatra The Mummy are published with 'Treasure Island' under development for 2024 release. The three films could be shot back to back - as a franchise - to make the most of the Elizabeth Swann. Screenplays available in Final Draft format for Studio executives, producers & directors.

THE COLONIES AND SLAVERY

Slavery formed a cornerstone of the British Empire in the 18th century. Every colony had enslaved people, from the southern rice plantations in Charles Town, South Carolina, to the northern wharves of Boston.

Slavery was more than a labor system; it also influenced every aspect of colonial thought and culture. The uneven relationship it engendered gave white colonists an exaggerated sense of their own status. English liberty gained greater meaning and coherence for white people when they contrasted their status to that of the unfree class of enslaved black people in British America.

The transport of enslaved people to the American colonies accelerated in the second half of the 17th century. In 1660, English monarch Charles II created the Royal African Company to trade in enslaved people and African goods. His brother, James II, led the company before ascending the throne.

Under both these kings, the Royal African Company enjoyed a monopoly to transport enslaved people to the English colonies. Between 1672 and 1713, the company bought 125,000 captives on the African coast, losing 20 percent of them to death on the Middle Passage - the journey from the African coast to the Americas.

MORE ROYALS

The Prince of Wales, is currently the third King of England, named Charles III. His son, the Duke of Cambridge, Prince William, is a King in waiting - as of 2022 as William V. 

Queen Elizabeth II, was the British Monarch, who passed at the age of 95, in 2022.

Queen Elizabeth I (Good Queen Bess), was famous for commissioning privateers to carry out acts of piracy on the high seas, to boost the coffers of her Treasury. As was Queen Anne 1665 - 1714.

CAST OF - "TREASURE ISLAND: BLACKBEARD'S CURSE & PIRATES GOLD"

  CHARLES II WAS KING OF ENGLAND TO 1685, ALWAYS LOOKING TO BOLSTER HIS COFFERS WITH SLAVERY OR THEIVERY - TREASURE ISLAND: BLACKBEARD'S CURSE AND PIRATES GOLD - THE ADVENTURES OF JOHN STORM

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The rights of Jameson Hunter and Cleaner Ocean Foundation to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with section 77 and 78 of the Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988. This website and the associated Treasure Island artwork is Copyright © 2023 Cleaner Ocean Foundation and Jameson Hunter. This is a work of fiction. Names and characters are the product of the authors' imaginations, and any resemblance to any person, living or departed, is entirely coincidental.